Soilless cultivation techniques of Flower Bonsai

The historical development of Chinese flower bonsai has a long history. In the process of thousands of years, Chinese flower bonsai culture is also growing stronger and stronger, it should be said that the international name is also well-known. Of course, there is a difference between the quality and artistry of flower bonsai. It is necessary to master some skills and principles to appreciate bonsai and maintain bonsai in order to really understand it.

Chinese bonsai culture contains many categories, such as bonsai varieties, bonsai development, bonsai appreciation and production, and so on. Let's have a more comprehensive understanding of its soilless cultivation techniques.

The soilless cultivation technology of flower bonsai is to put perlite, vermiculite or other light stones in the flowerpot (do not use plant decay, organic humus such as sawdust and cottonseed shell as cultivation substrate), and then add inorganic salt nutrient solution to cultivate flowers. The nutrient solution contains a variety of disinfection drugs, and the matrix in the basin is inorganic ore, so it does not breed insects, ants and bacteria; it also contains various elements needed for plant growth, which can make plants grow fast, plant strong, blossom more and early, big and fragrant, and resistant to cold and heat. Fewer diseases and insect pests. Today, only soilless cultivation of flower bonsai can be exported to advanced countries; soilless cultivation of indoor plants is more suitable for high-end hotels, restaurants, shopping malls, office buildings and modern living rooms. The bonsai cultivated in soilless culture has a good prospect in the market. In addition, fresh cut flowers and vegetables are cultivated in nutrient solution greenhouse, which can improve the yield and quality and supply the market all the year round.

Bonsai cultivation of flowers can be carried out at any time from soilless cultivation to soilless cultivation. The specific operation methods are as follows: prepare the nutrient solution to dilute the commercial soilless culture nutrient solution with tap water according to the prescribed multiple.

Take off the basin and push the root out of the soil with your fingers from the hole at the bottom of the basin. Root washing soaks the root system with soil in water close to the ambient temperature and carefully washes the soil in the rhizosphere. Try not to hurt the root during the operation.

Soak the washed root in a mixed nutrient solution for 10 minutes to fully absorb nutrients. Choose suitable size plastic basin, ceramic basin or porcelain basin (with tray) to clean. Place tiles or fill plastic yarn in the basin bottom hole, and then put a little perlite and vermiculite in the basin. Then put the root of the plant in a human basin and straighten it; then load light ores such as perlite and vermiculite around the root system and gently shake the flowerpot to make perlite and other roots close to the root system. Immediately irrigate the nutrient solution from all around until there is a liquid flow out of the bottom hole of the basin. Although the substrates such as perlite and vermiculite are loose and breathable, it is not easy to fix the plant root. If necessary, quartz stone, axe stone and other fragments can be placed on the matrix of the root system to strengthen the root system and avoid lodging. The stump bonsai can also be rooted with quartz stone, which depends on the old trees and adds to the natural scenery.

Arrange and spray water on the leaves of pots and spray some water on the leaves and clean up the appearance.

Daily management of soilless cultivation of flower bonsai, the requirements of light, temperature, humidity and other environmental conditions are no different from those of soilless cultivation. In peacetime management should pay attention to timely watering tap water. During the growth of the plant, the nutrient solution was irrigated once a week, and the amount of nutrient solution was determined according to the plant size. The amount of flowers with slow-growing leaves should be reduced, and the winter or plant dormancy period should be watered once a month or half a month. Indoor foliage plants can survive under low light conditions, so the amount of nutrient solution should be reduced. Nutrient solution can also be used for foliar spraying. Bonsai soilless cultivation of flowers can generally use soilless culture solutions such as "plum blossom", "golden moon" and "Black Tortoise", or the best-selling "red plum" soilless culture solution in Shanghai and other places.

If you prepare it yourself, you can use the following formula designed by the author:

1. A large number of elements: 3 grams of potassium nitrate, 5 grams of calcium nitrate, 3 grams of magnesium sulfate, 2 grams of ammonium phosphate, 1 gram of potassium sulfate 1 gram of potassium dihydrogen phosphate.

2. Trace elements: (applied chemical reagent) disodium ethylenediamine tetraacetate 100 mg; ferrous sulfate 75 mg boric acid 30 mg; manganese sulfate 20 mg; zinc sulfate 5 mg; copper sulfate 1 mg; ammonium aluminate 2 mg.

3. Tap water: 5000 ml (5 kg) will be mixed with a large number of elements and trace elements into a solution, and then mixed. The amount of trace elements is very small, and it is not easy to weigh, so we can enlarge the preparation of trace elements, and then reduce the amount of trace elements according to the same multiple. For example, the trace elements can be weighed 100 times to become a solution, and then 1% of the solution can be extracted, that is, the required amount. The nutrient solution made according to the above formula is slightly acidic and the PH value is 6.2. The nutrient solution is non-toxic, odorless, clean and hygienic, and can be stored for a long time. It is suitable for tortoise-backed bamboo, Camptotheca, rubber banyan, Brazilian iron, palm plants, evergreen flowers and leaves, variable leaf wood, bamboo taro, ferns, African violets, Phalaenopsis, slipper orchids, begonia, gentleman orchid, five-needle pine, Milan, camellia, rose, inverted golden bell, jasmine, rhododendron, kumquat and other indoor and outdoor flower bonsai.